史记的知识聚焦

QingDynasty清朝TheTaipingRebellion太平起义Duringthemid-nineteenthcentury,China’sproblemswerecompoundedbynaturalcalamitiesofunprecedentedproportions,includingdroughts,famines,andfloods.19世纪中期，中国...

QingDynasty清朝FalloftheQingDynasty清朝的衰落Masscivildisorderhadalsobegunandcontinuouslygrown.大规模的国内混乱产生并不断升级。CixiandtheGuangxuemperorbothdiedin1908,leavingarelativelypowerlessandunst...

SongDynasty宋朝WesternXia西夏WesternXia,wasthekingdomoftheTibetan-speakingTangutstribesthatwasestablishedinthe11thcenturyandflourishedthroughtheearly13thcenturyuntilitwasconqueredbytheMongolsoftheYuan...

HuangdiCulture黄帝文化HuangdiisconsideredtobethefounderofChinesecivilizationaswellasitsfirstancestor.Helivedabout4thousandyearsago,duringthetimeofpatriarchalclancommunity,他生活在大约4000年前的父系氏...

FiveDynastiesandTenStates五代十国Culture文化Regardlessofthechaoswhichprevailedduringthisperiod,itwasimportantintermsofChineseculture.除去这个时代的混乱纷争，五代十国其实是中国文化的一个重要时期。1.Print...

TheRepublicofChina中华民国EarlyRepublic民国初期OnJanuary1,1912,SunofficiallydeclaredtheRepublicofChinaandwasinauguratedinNanjingasthefirstprovisionalpresident.1912年1月1日，孙中山正是宣布中华民国成立，并...

QingDynasty清朝TheFirstOpiumWar第一次鸦片战争RoughlybetweentheCongressofViennaandtheFranco-PrussianWar,Britainreapedthebenefitsofbeingtheworld’ssolemodern,industrialnation.大约在维也纳会议和普法战争...

NorthernWeiDynasty北魏TheNorthernWeiDynasty(北魏386—534)ismostnotedfortheunificationofnorthernChinain440,北魏以440年统一中国北部而闻名，并且大力扶持艺术，itwasalsoheavilyinvolvedinfundingtheartsandmanyan...

EndoftheThreeKingdoms三国的结束Fromthelate230stensionsbegantobecomevisiblebetweentheimperialCaoclanandtheSimaclan.自公元三世纪30年代末期起，曹皇室与司马一族间的紧张局势变得越发清晰可见。Followingthedeat...

ThePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国OnOctober1,1949agrandceremonywaswitnessedby300000peopleinBeijing’sTiananmenSquare,andMaoZedong,chairmanoftheCentralPeople’sGovernment,solemnlyproclaimedthefo...

BeginningoftheSilkRoad开辟丝绸之路Asaninterconnectedseriesofroutes,theSilkRoad(丝绸之路）isthroughSouthernAsiatraversedbycaravanandoceanvessel,andconnectingChang’an,ChinawithAntioch,Syria,aswellasother...

SongDynasty宋朝SouthernSong’sResistanceAgainsttheJin南宋抗金BeforethearrivaloftheJurchenstheSongDynastyforcenturieswasengagedinastand-offagainsttheWesternXiaandtheKhitanLiaoDynasty.在女真人到来之前，宋...

DeclineofSuiDynasty隋朝的衰亡TheSuiDynasty’searlydemisewasattributedtothegovernment’styrannyandceaselesswars.隋朝的迅速覆灭是由政府的暴虐和不断的战争所导致的。EmperorWendiedunexpectedlyin604andhisse...

ZhouDynasty周朝DeclineofWesternZhou西周的衰落AfterthedeathofKingWu,theDukeofZhouwasinChargeofstateaffairsforsevenyearsuntilKingChengcameofage.周武王去世后，周公旦执政七年直到周成王达到登基的年龄。Thefou...

LiaoDynasty辽朝SocialEconomy社会经济TheLiaowentthroughdifferentstagesofeconomicdevelopment.辽朝经历了不同阶段的经济发展。Initsearlyyears,itmainlydependedonoutwardexpansion,slaveryandthievery,soitsdeve...

JinDynasty金朝Culture文化TheJinrulersadoptedapositiveattitudetowardstheHanculture.金朝的统治者对于汉文化采取了一种正面的态度。Chinese,KhitanandJurchenscriptwereusedsimultaneously,althoughlater,theKhit...

TheRepublicofChina中华民国SecondRevolution二次革命InApril,YuansecuredtheReorganizationLoanoftwenty-fivemillionpoundsterlingfromGreatBritain,France,Russia,GermanyandJapan,withoutconsultingtheparliament...

ReformbyEmperorXiaowen孝文帝改革EmperorXiaowenimplementedadrasticpolicyofsinicization,intendingtocentralizethegovernmentandmakethemultiethnicstatemoreeasytogovern.孝文帝实施了彻底的汉化政策，想要使权力...

LiaoDynasty辽朝Decline衰落Bythemid11thcentury,theKhitanhadlosttheirmoraleandstartedadoptingadefensiveattitudetowardstheirneighbors.11世纪中期，契丹丢失了他们的士气，对于他们的邻国开始采取一种防备的态度。T...

SongDynasty宋朝NorthernSongDynasty北宋In959,followingthedeathofEmperorShizongwhohadbeenawisemonarch,asevenyearoldchildsucceededtothethroneasEmperorGong.959年，英明的宋世宗驾崩后，7岁的高宗继承了帝位。Inth...

XinDynasty新朝TheXinDynasty(新朝）wasa“dynasty”（eventhough，contrarytotheusualmeaningofadynasty,ithadbutoneemperor)inChinesehistory.新朝是中国历史上的一个“朝代”（尽管它和普通朝代的意义有所不同，它仅有一位...

BanpoCulture半坡文化BanpoCulturebelongstotheYangshaoCultureoftheNeolithicAge(about10000B.C.to5000B.C.),半坡文化属于新石器时代的仰韶文化（大约公元前10000年——公元前5000年），whichoriginatedinthemiddlevalley...

TheBattleofFeiRiver淝水之战TheBattleofFeiRiver(淝水之战）wasabattlein383,whereFuJian(苻坚）oftheFormerQin(前秦）wasdecisivelydefeatedbythenumericallyinferiorarmyofEasternJin(东晋）.淝水之战发生于383年，在这场战...

JinDynasty金朝KaifengastheJinCapital迁都开封In1153,JinEmperorWanyanLiang(完颜亮）movedtheempire’scapitalfromHuiningFuinnorthernManchuria(southofpresent-dayHarbin)toZhongdu(nowBeijing).1153年，金朝皇帝完...

SongDynasty宋朝ReformInstitutedbyWangAnshiasPrimeMinister北宋王安石变法TheNorthernSongDynastysufferedpovertyaswellasweakness.北宋既贫穷又软弱。Theredundancyofofficialsandsoldiers,andextravagantexpendi...